In response to the current reality of hazardous waste management, the choice of technical routes for medical waste disposal is diverse, and the two widely used treatment methods are incineration disposal and non-incineration treatment.

The most common waste treatment method is incineration technology, and scientific researchers have found that incineration of waste produces harmful pollutants, which can lead to global air and water pollution.

The main advantage of non-incineration technology is that is eliminates harmful organics from waste to the greatest extent and permanently, preventing any future environmental problems.
Over time, attention has slowly shifted to non-incineration technologies.

Incineration and non-incineration technologies

Incineration of waste using incineration technologies produces many harmful substances, such as dioxins, furans, heavy metals, lead, mercury and cadmium, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, PIC (incomplete combustion products), etc. After combustion, the residual ash contains other toxic and hazardous substances and heavy metals, such as chromium, lead, nickel and zinc, which can be harmful if released into the environment.

And the energy produced after incineration is not clean and renewable.

Residues from incineration and non-incineration must be disposed of in landfills.
Incineration produces hazardous waste, which can contaminate the surrounding soil and water when landfilled.
Non-incineration technologies, on the other hand, purify and then dispose of the waste, greatly reducing the potential for contamination.

Finally, incineration technology is a high-priced operation, in a sense the most expensive of the available waste treatment and disposal methods. The cost of non-incineration technologies is much lower than incineration technologies.